[Swift] Simulator를 이용한 위치 테스트 (feat. 지오펜싱)

iOS에서 위치 테스트 시 번거로운 점

안드로이드와 달리 Fake GPS 사용이 불가하기 때문에 실제로 발품을 팔아야함
실시간 로그를 볼 수 없기 때문에 문제 발생 시 원인 파악이 어렵다
사소한 수정이 발생해도 빌드 후 다시 발품을 팔아야함

하여 실제 단말기에서는 방법은 없었지만 시뮬레이터에서 가상 위치로 테스트할 수 있는 방법을 공유드립니다.

하기 예제는 애플 공식 문서를 참고하여 지오펜싱(Geofencing : 지리와 울타리의 합성어)으로 준비하였습니다.

1. 위치 서비스 코드 작성

1-1. Project - Signing & Capabilities

위치 사용을 위해 Background Modes 추가 후 Location updates 항목을 체크해주세요.

1-2. Info.plist

위치 권한 팝업에 들어갈 내용을 추가해주었습니다.

1-3. 코드 작성

import Foundation
import CoreLocation

class LocationService: NSObject {
    static let shared = LocationService()
    private override init() {
        super.init()
        locationManager = CLLocationManager()
        locationManager.delegate = self
    }
    
    var locationManager: CLLocationManager!
}

extension LocationService {
    func registLocation() {
        let location = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 37.4967867, longitude: 126.9978993)
        let region = CLCircularRegion(center: location,
                                              radius: 1.0,
                                              identifier: "id")
        
        region.notifyOnEntry = true
        region.notifyOnExit = true
        
        locationManager.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
        locationManager.pausesLocationUpdatesAutomatically = false
        
        locationManager.startUpdatingLocation()
        locationManager.startMonitoring(for: region)
        print("region regist: \(region)")
    }
}

extension LocationService: CLLocationManagerDelegate {
    func requestAlwaysLocation() {
        switch locationManager.authorizationStatus {
        case .notDetermined:
            locationManager.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
        case .authorizedWhenInUse:
            locationManager.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
        case .authorizedAlways:
            registLocation()
        default:
            print("Location is not avaiable.")
        }
    }
    
    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didStartMonitoringFor region: CLRegion) {
        print("didStartMonitoringFor")
    }
    
    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didDetermineState state: CLRegionState, for region: CLRegion) {
        switch state {
        case .inside:
            print("들어왔습니다.")
        case .outside:
            print("나왔습니다.")
        case .unknown: break
            // do not something
        }
    }
}

위치 서비스를 관리하는 LocationService 클래스를 싱글톤으로 작성하였습니다.

CLLocationManager
- startMonitoring : 설정한 지역(region)을 모니터링합니다.
  - 모니터링 결과는 didDetermineState Delegate로 들어오게 됩니다(outside, inside)
CLCircularRegion
- center : 중심이 될 좌표를 설정합니다 (위/경도)
- radius : 중심으로부터 반경이 될 거리를 설정합니다(m 단위)
- identifier : 해당 리전의 id를 등록합니다.

2. 호출

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    let ls = LocationService.shared
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        ls.requestAlwaysLocation()
    }
}

Region을 등록할 페이지에서 requestAlwaysLocation 함수를 호출하여 region을 등록하였습니다.

이제 앱을 실행하면 앱에서 위치를 사용할 것인지 묻는 화면이 나옵니다. 사용할거니까 당연히 사용을 선택해줍니다.

region regist: CLCircularRegion (identifier:'id', center:<+37.49678670,+126.99789930>, radius:1.00m)

로그를 보면 위에 작성해둔 위치가 등록되었음을 알 수 있습니다.

3. 테스트

Simulator - Features - Location 항목으로 이동하면 시뮬레이터의 위치를 변경할 수 있습니다.

위치를 Apple(캘리포니아)로 변경하면 didDetermineState가 outside로 들어오고

Custom Location(코드상 등록했던 위치)로 변경하면 didDetermineState가 inside로 들어오는 것을 확인할 수 있습니다.

4. 앱이 꺼진 상태에서의 지오펜싱

모니터링을 등록해놓으면 앱이 꺼져있어도 in/out 이벤트를 받아서 처리할 수 있습니다.

이를 테스트 하기 위해 Local Notification을 이용하였습니다.

AppDelegate - 푸시 알림 권한 설정

import UIKit
import CoreData
import UserNotifications

@main
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
        // Override point for customization after application launch.
        
        let center = UNUserNotificationCenter.current();
        center.delegate = self
        
        if #available(iOS 10, *) {
            center.requestAuthorization(options:[.badge, .alert, .sound]){ (granted, error) in }
            application.registerForRemoteNotifications()
        }

        return true
    }

    // MARK: UISceneSession Lifecycle

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, configurationForConnecting connectingSceneSession: UISceneSession, options: UIScene.ConnectionOptions) -> UISceneConfiguration {
        // Called when a new scene session is being created.
        // Use this method to select a configuration to create the new scene with.
        return UISceneConfiguration(name: "Default Configuration", sessionRole: connectingSceneSession.role)
    }

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didDiscardSceneSessions sceneSessions: Set<UISceneSession>) {
        // Called when the user discards a scene session.
        // If any sessions were discarded while the application was not running, this will be called shortly after application:didFinishLaunchingWithOptions.
        // Use this method to release any resources that were specific to the discarded scenes, as they will not return.
    }

    // MARK: - Core Data stack

    lazy var persistentContainer: NSPersistentContainer = {
        /*
         The persistent container for the application. This implementation
         creates and returns a container, having loaded the store for the
         application to it. This property is optional since there are legitimate
         error conditions that could cause the creation of the store to fail.
        */
        let container = NSPersistentContainer(name: "swift_location_sample")
        container.loadPersistentStores(completionHandler: { (storeDescription, error) in
            if let error = error as NSError? {
                // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
                // fatalError() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
                 
                /*
                 Typical reasons for an error here include:
                 * The parent directory does not exist, cannot be created, or disallows writing.
                 * The persistent store is not accessible, due to permissions or data protection when the device is locked.
                 * The device is out of space.
                 * The store could not be migrated to the current model version.
                 Check the error message to determine what the actual problem was.
                 */
                fatalError("Unresolved error \(error), \(error.userInfo)")
            }
        })
        return container
    }()

    // MARK: - Core Data Saving support

    func saveContext () {
        let context = persistentContainer.viewContext
        if context.hasChanges {
            do {
                try context.save()
            } catch {
                // Replace this implementation with code to handle the error appropriately.
                // fatalError() causes the application to generate a crash log and terminate. You should not use this function in a shipping application, although it may be useful during development.
                let nserror = error as NSError
                fatalError("Unresolved error \(nserror), \(nserror.userInfo)")
            }
        }
    }

}

extension AppDelegate: UNUserNotificationCenterDelegate {
    func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, willPresent notification: UNNotification, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping (UNNotificationPresentationOptions) -> Void) {
        completionHandler([.badge, .alert, .sound])
    }
    
    func userNotificationCenter(_ center: UNUserNotificationCenter, didReceive response: UNNotificationResponse, withCompletionHandler completionHandler: @escaping () -> Void) {
    }
}

LocationService - Local Notification 작업

//
//  LocationService.swift
//  swift-location-sample
//
//  Created by ycsong on 2021/12/27.
//

import Foundation
import CoreLocation
import NotificationCenter

class LocationService: NSObject {
    static let shared = LocationService()
    private override init() {
        super.init()
        locationManager = CLLocationManager()
        locationManager.delegate = self
    }
    
    var locationManager: CLLocationManager!
}

extension LocationService {
    func fireNotification(_ title: String = "Background Test", body: String) {
        let notificationCenter = UNUserNotificationCenter.current()
        
        notificationCenter.getNotificationSettings { (settings) in
            if settings.alertSetting == .enabled {
                let content = UNMutableNotificationContent()
                content.title = title
                content.body = body
                
                let uuidString = UUID().uuidString
                let trigger = UNTimeIntervalNotificationTrigger(timeInterval: 1, repeats: false)
                let request = UNNotificationRequest(identifier: "Test-\(uuidString)", content: content, trigger: trigger)
                notificationCenter.add(request, withCompletionHandler: { (error) in
                    if error != nil {
                        // Handle the error
                    }
                })
            }
        }
    }
}

extension LocationService {
    func registLocation() {
        let location = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 37.4967867, longitude: 126.9978993)
        let region = CLCircularRegion(center: location,
                                              radius: 1.0,
                                              identifier: "id")
        
        region.notifyOnEntry = true
        region.notifyOnExit = true
        
        locationManager.allowsBackgroundLocationUpdates = true
        locationManager.pausesLocationUpdatesAutomatically = false
        
        locationManager.startUpdatingLocation()
        locationManager.startMonitoring(for: region)
        print("region regist: \(region)")
    }
}

extension LocationService: CLLocationManagerDelegate {
    func requestAlwaysLocation() {
        switch locationManager.authorizationStatus {
        case .notDetermined:
            locationManager.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
        case .authorizedWhenInUse:
            locationManager.requestAlwaysAuthorization()
        case .authorizedAlways:
            registLocation()
        default:
            print("Location is not avaiable.")
        }
    }
    
    func locationManager(_ manager: CLLocationManager, didDetermineState state: CLRegionState, for region: CLRegion) {
        switch state {
        case .inside:
            fireNotification("Inside", body: "들어왔습니다.")
        case .outside:
            fireNotification("Outside", body: "나왔습니다.")
        case .unknown: break
            // do not something
        }
    }
}

5. 소스코드

전체 코드를 깃허브에 업로드해두었습니다.

https://github.com/YuchanSong/swift-location-sample

GitHub - YuchanSong/swift-location-sample: 시뮬레이터 위치 테스트

시뮬레이터 위치 테스트. Contribute to YuchanSong/swift-location-sample development by creating an account on GitHub.

github.com

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